With the expansion of production scale and continuous progress of human civilization, many large spaces and large-span buildings such as stadiums, exhibition halls, airport terminals, subway stations, and other large industrial plants continue to emerge, apparently reinforced concrete structure, wood structure, masonry structure is difficult to achieve this in the form of large-span spatial structures.
Due to the rapid growth of steel production, national policy guidance and steel design, research, construction teams increasingly powerful, and many other favorable factors, the steel structure with its own superior performance, its application has been rapid development in recent years, almost all range of applications domain structure, including housing construction, bridges, dams, offshore platforms and the tower mast structure.
Steel structure engineering technology main uses to steel production, steel beams, steel columns, steel trusses and other components made of steel and steel plate composition; using welds, bolts or rivets connections between each component or components structure, is one of the main building structure type. Mainly in the production of steel structures, is one of the main building structure type. Steel is characterized by high strength, light weight, good rigidity, strong deformation capacity, so for the construction of large-span and super, super-heavy buildings, particularly suitable; homogeneous and isotropic material is good, is ideal elastomer best serves the general engineering mechanics, basic assumptions; material ductility, toughness, and can have large deformation, can well withstand dynamic loads; construction period is short; their high degree of industrialization, mechanization can be a high degree of specialization. Steel should study high-strength steels, greatly improving its yield point strength; addition to new varieties rolled steel, such as H-beam (also known as wide-flange beam) and a T-shaped steel and steel sheeting, etc. to accommodate large-span structures and high-rise building needs. There is also no thermal bridge of light steel structure, the building itself is not energy efficient, the technology of special connection with ingenious solution to the problem of hot and cold bridge construction; small truss structure of the cable from the wall and down the water pipes crossing, construction decoration are convenient.
Currently steel structure engineering can be used cross-sectional shape, structure and production methods for classification. Sectional shape by the steel pipe member may be divided into three structural classes: the structure pipe, square (rectangular) tube structure, and other shapes. Because of the superiority of the appearance and performance of the force on the tube structure and square tube structure is most common.
Form of the structure can be divided into grid tube structure (network shell), trusses, steel frame and concrete structure H species. And the usual sense, tube structure refers to the use for structural tube and square tube between the components, pipes and tubes connected by intersecting welds. By production methods to points, can be divided into hot-rolled steel pipe structure structure structure of cold-rolled steel and welded steel structures. Hot-rolled steel pipe wall thickness can be larger, high production costs, cold-rolled steel pipe wall thickness is relatively thin.
